Question: If everything is made out of elements from the periodic table and other elements (if any), What are fruits made of? I know that they have small amounts of minerals and vitamins, but the minerals are in extremely small amounts (measured in mg) and what elements could the vitamins be made of. Even if the rest of the fruit is water the solid form of water is ice, so the fruit would have to be cold if it was made out of water/ice otherwise it would melt?

Manuel Kober-Czerny answered on 6 Feb 2021:

Hey! This is a really cool question 🙂
And I think you should learn a lot about chemistry, I’m sure you will love it 😀
I love it too exactly because of questions like yours!!

But now to the question:
Yes, EVERYTHING is made of the elements in the periodic table and these are usuall atoms (you can imagine them as tiny tiny balls). But these can also stick together to form other stuff called molecules. Water is a molecule (not an element as some people think) and it is made of two elements.
Minerals are mostly elements (so single tiny balls) and vitamins are very large groups of atoms together (large molecules we call proteins).
And then there is also the possibility of a lof of molecules coming together and forming even larger things like cells and when cells stick together they form anything biological from fruits to animals to fungy and humans.
They cre like tiny capsules which are filled with water and in the case of fruit they also have sugar, minerals, vitamins, etc.
So the water in the fruit is not solid, its not ice, it is liquid.
But it is in these tiny pockets called cells.
You don’t believe me? Take a fruit and cut it anywhere. I guarantee that you will cut a few of these pockets and you will see liquid water running out of the fruit.
We call it fruit juice, but it is just what is contained in these tiny cells and it has all the vitamins, minerals, sugar in it.

I really love your question! You should keep this fascination alive and ask a lot more of these questions. There are answers to a lot of questions, but not all of them. And when you find one that doesn’t have an answer you can try to find one and thats when you become a scientist 😀